Applied Force
Drag Force
Frictional force
Gravitational force
Electrostatic force
Force-A force is a push or pull upon an object resulting from the object's interaction with another object. Whenever there is an interaction between two objects, there is a force upon each of the objects. When the interaction ceases, the two objects no longer experience the force.
WE CAN CLASSIFY FORCES INTO TWO CATEGORIES
1. CONTACT
2. NON CONTACT
Stresses= Resisting Force / Cross Sectional Area
if deformation after applying load is negligible then the Resisting Force = Applied load
Thus this formula may be used as
Stresses = applied Force / Cross sectional area { Deformation <<<)
Longitudinal strain: If the deforming force produces a change in length alone, the strain produced in the body is called longitudinal strain or tensile strain.
If the deforming force produces a change in volume alone, the strain produced in the body is called volumetric strain.
The angle tilt caused in the body due to tangential stress expressed is called shear strain.
It is defined as the ratio of tensile
stress or compressive stress to the corresponding strain within elastic limit. It
is denoted by symbol E. It is also known as modulus of elasticity or elastic modulus.
It is defined as the ratio of shear stress to
corresponding shear strain within elastic limit. It is also known as shear modulus. It
is represented by C or G or N.
It is defined as the ratio of direct stress to the
corresponding volumetric strain within elastic limit. It is denoted by K.
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